黄竹细胞悬浮培养和原生质体分离*

以牡竹属黄竹（ＤｅｎｄｒｏｃａｌａｍｕｓｍｅｍｂｒａｎｃｅｕｓＭｕｎｒｏ）的竹节及无菌苗根颈为外植体，培养于含有５ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ、０．２ｍｇ／ＬＫＴ和２００ｍｇ／ＬＬＨ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导愈伤组织，然后移至相同成份或不同浓度２，４－Ｄ的液体培养基中，进行悬浮培养，以建立分散性良好的悬浮细胞系。利用悬浮细胞和无菌苗叶片经酶解获大量原生质体，其产量分别约为每克鲜重２．５×１０５个和５×１０５个，活力均可达８０％。     

滩地淹水胁迫对杨树生长与木材显微结构的影响

对5种不同淹水时间类型滩地1～10年生杨树单株材积生长动态进行了分析.结果表明:不同类型之间单株材积生长量均存在显著差异,且随着林龄增长,其差异逐步减小;不同淹水胁迫下,当年年轮宽度、纤维细胞数量、木材基本密度均存在显著差异,纤维长度和宽度差异不显著;杨树年轮宽度与径向纤维细胞数、导管数、径向纤维比量呈正相关;随淹水胁迫程度加深,当年形成层细胞分裂受到了显著抑制,纤维细胞以及导管数量减少,林木径向生长量下降,径向导管比量提高,纤维比量下降,细胞壁腔比减小,木材密度明显降低.对5种淹水类型滩地的林木生长进行了系统聚类,合并划分为4种生长类型,对其中3种常规造林宜林类型杨树生长潜力进行了预测.     

The biochemical control of the cell cycle by growth regulators in higher plants

The cell cycle is an important research field in cell biology and it is genetically and developmentally regulated in animals and plants. The aim of this study was to review knowledge about the biochemical regulation of the cell cycle by plant growth regulators through molecular checkpoints that regulate the transition from G0-G1-S-phase and G2-M in higher plants.Recent research has shown that zeatin treatment led to the up-regulation of CycD3 in Arabidopsis. Benzyladenine treatment can also shorten the duration of S-phase through recruitment of latent origins of DNA replication. Kinetin is involved in the phosphoregulation of the G2-M checkpoint; the major cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) at this checkpoint has recently shown to be dephosphorylated as a result of cytokinin treatment, an effect that can also be mimicked by the fission yeast Cdc25 phosphatase. Gibberellic acid (GA) treatment induces internode elongation in deepwater rice, this response is mediated by a GA-induced up-regulation of a cyclin-Cdk at the G2-M checkpoint. Recent evidence has also linked abscisic acid to a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. A new D-type cyclin, recently discovered in Arabidopsis may have a key role in this process. A brief review on plant growth regulator-cell cycle interfacing during development and a cytokinin-induced continuum of cell cycle activation through the up-regulation of a plant D-type cyclin at the G1 checkpoint and the phosphoregulation of the Cdk at the G2/M checkpoint had been concluded. This review could be valuable to research on cell and developmental biology in plants.     

落叶松木材细胞胞壁厚度数学模型的研究

以黑龙江省帽儿山的落叶松为试材,利用显微镜测定年轮内细胞胞壁厚度从早材到晚材的变化数据,对其生长变化进行研究归纳。通过对数据的函数拟合得出:年轮内胞壁厚度从早材到晚材呈指数变化趋势,由此得出胞壁厚度的数学模型。此研究对于了解落叶松生长机理方面以及对落叶松材性预测方面的研究工作,将有一定的借鉴和帮助。     

与生长激素相关的高等植物细胞周期生化调控

高等植物细胞周期是细胞生物学上的重要研究领域。细胞周期受遗传和发育影响因素的调控。本文综述高等植物细胞周期中涉及到细胞周期关卡GO-G1-S期和G2-M期的激素调控。最新研究成果证明玉米素、腺嘌呤、激动素、赤霉素和脱落酸等通过细胞周期蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶及细胞周期关卡的脱磷酸化控制细胞周期。植物D-型细胞周期蛋白也已被证明在细胞周期调控中起关键作用。本文有关细胞周期的研究综述对植物细胞和发育生物学研究有参考价值。图3参61。     

Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) somatic embryogenesis I. Initiation of embryogenic cultures from immature zygotic embryos

Immature female gametophytes and enclosed zygotic embryos of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) collected at various developmental stages were cultured either on eight initiation media supplemented with different plant growth regulator (PGR) combinations or on LPM medium solidified with two brands of agar. Embryonal-suspensor cell masses extruded from gametophyte explants infrequently produced white or translucent mucilaginous embryogenic cultures. Variation in extrusion frequency was observed across seed sources (families), explant collection dates, agar types and culture media. Increased explant maturity (as related to collection dates) reduced cell extrusion rates. Four types of extrusions were grouped according to their morphology. One type of extrusion produced the greatest number of established and long-surviving embryogenic cultures. This extrusion type (type I) was associated with an extrusion condition termed empty in which the entirety of the embryonal-suspensor mass was extruded out of the gametophyte. Three other extrusion types (types II, III and IV) showed less culture establishment and survival.     

Progress of ELMO family on malignant tumor invasion and metastasis

It is one of the main characters of malignant tumors that malignant tumor cells invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant tissues. Multiple factors are involved in this complicated dynamic process. Metastasis is the major factor influencing recurrence and prognosis. Therefore, it is important to explore the mechanism of invasion and metastasis for reducing recurrence rate and mortality of malignant tumors. Engulfment and cell mobility (ELMO) family is one kind of conserved protein in evolutional process. It includes 3 members, ELMO1, ELMO2 and ELMO3. The members of ELMO family play an important role in cell phagocytosis and cell migration, and they also have close correlation with malignant tumor cell invasion and metastasis. In this paper, we review the progress of the relationship between ELMO family and malignant tumor invasion and metastasis.     

Expression and clinical significance of PAK4 in non-small cell lung cancer

AIM: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of PAK4 in the cell lines and tissues of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: PAK4 expression in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, NSCLC cell lines, NSCLC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and Western blot. Prognostic value of PAK4 expression was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression. RESULTS: PAK4 was over-expressed in the NSCLC cell lines at both mRNA and protein levels compared with HBE cells (P<0.05). PAK4 was over-expressed in the NSCLC tissues at both mRNA and protein levels compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues (P<0.05). PAK4 was over-expressed in the metastatic NSCLC tissues compared with the primary NSCLC tissues (P<0.05). Higher PAK4 staining scores were positively correlated with differentiation, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and clinical stage. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test showed that overall survival was significantly different between the patients with up-regulated PAK4 and the patients with down-regulated PAK4(P<0.05). PAK4 over-expression was associated with NSCLC progression.CONCLUSION: Increased PAK4 expression was associated with tumor invasion, metastasis and prognosis in the patients with NSCLC. PAK4 is an important prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target in NSCLC.